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The Recruited Collier / Jenny’s Complaint / Jimmy’s Enlisted

[ Roud 3503 ; Ballad Index DTrecruc ; DT RECRUCOL ; Mudcat 39035 ; Robert Anderson / A.L. Lloyd]

Robert Anderson: Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect Karl Dallas: The Cruel Wars A.L. Lloyd: Come All Ye Bold Miners Stephen Sedley: The Seeds of Love

Anne Briggs sang The Recruited Collier on the 1963 theme album The Iron Muse: A Panorama of Industrial Folk Music. This recording was also included on her 1990 Fellside anthology Classic Anne Briggs, on her 1999 Topic anthology A Collection., and on the 2014 GFTU / Topic anthology of songs of resistance, democracy and peace, Voice and Vision. A recording for the BBC programme Folk-Song Cellar, broadcast on 13 August 1966, was released in 2016 on her Fledg’ling EP Four Songs. A.L. Lloyd noted on the first album:

Enticed by a recruiting party, a young miner enlists, and the sad change in his character breaks his girl’s heart. A set of this eighteenth century song was printed in Anderson’s Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect (1808). The present version from a collier, J.T. Huxtable of Workington, is in Come All Ye Bold Miners: Ballads and Songs of the Coalfields (1952).

Roy Palmer noted ¹:

It is clear that Lloyd’s editorial approach was not merely to reproduce the material sent to him. Sometimes the changes made were small… but others were far-reaching. On Jimmy’s Enlisted (or The Recruited Collier) Lloyd laconically notes: “Text from J.T. Huxtable of Workington. A version of this ballad appears in R. Anderson’s Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect (1808).” In fact, the original is entitled simply Jenny’s Complaint and features not a miner who enlists but a ploughman. A third part, Nichol, talks to Jenny about the wars and Jemmy (as he is called) merely ‘led’ (carted) the coals which remind Jenny of him. Lloyd silently (and brilliantly) remade the song. Although one phrase, ‘I’se leetin’, sits uncomfortably in the new text, the adaptation has enjoyed considerable success to a tune also supplied by Lloyd to replace Nancy to the Greenwood Gane, which Anderson prescribed.

Barbara Dickson sang The Recruited Collier in 1971 on her Decca album From the Beggar’s Mantle… Fringed With Gold.

Marie Little sang The Enlisted Collier in 1973 on her Trailer album Marie Little. She noted:

This song from Wilson‘s Songs in the Cumberland Dialect tells what must have been a common tale, in a delicate and, I think, very moving way.

But I can’t find a book by this author with a title resembling this. Maybe it’s a typo and was meant to be Anderson’s book?

Linda Adams sang Jimmy’s Enlisted in 1975 on her and Paul Adams’ Sweet Folk and Country album Far Over the Fell. Paul Adams noted:

When A.L. Lloyd was collecting material for his book Come All Ye Bold Miners the Workington Branch of the N.U.M. put him in touch with a miner named Jim Huxtable who supplied two songs, this one and The Collier’s Lament. As far as can be ascertained the song dates back to the Napoleonic Wars. It has be come a favourite song in folk song clubs under its other title of The Recruited Collier, but the above is its West Cumbrian title and this is its first recording by a Workington Lass!

Graham Pirt sang The Recruited Collier in 1975 on Alistair Anderson’s Topic / Free Reed record Concertina Workshop. The album’s liner notes commented:

A.L. Lloyd first recorded this song from a collier in Workington, Cumbria, in 1951. The singer called it Jimmy’s Enlisted. It dates at least from the early years of the Napoleonic Wars.

Miriam Backhouse sang The Recruited Collier on the 1976 fundraiser album The Second Folk Review Record. The sleeve notes said it is

One of the most beautiful and haunting of all the recruiting songs, from a version printed in The Seeds of Love.

Jean Redpath sang The Recruited Collier in her BBC television series “Ballad Folk”. This recording was released in 1977 on the series album Ballad Folk.

Dick Gaughan learned The Recruited Collier “from either Christine Hendry or Kathy Bainbridge, both of whom were resident singers at St Andrews Folk Club in the 60s”. He sang it in 1978 on his Topic record Gaughan; this track was also included in 2006 on his anthology Dick Gaughan: The Definitive Collection.

Louis Killen sang The Recruited Collier in 1980 on his Collector album of songs of the British industrial revolution, Gallant Lads Are We and in 1983 on his CD A Bunny Bunch, giving Anne Briggs as his source. He noted on the first album:

A moving song from around the start of the nineteenth century. The call of the so-called glamour and “freedom” of the army life must have attracted—and killed—many a young miner. Includes a line that should make us think again and again—“when Jimmy talks about the wars, it’s worse than death to hear him”.

Fred Jordan sang The Recruited Collier in 1990 or 1991 in a series of recordings made for the EFDSS by Ian Russell and Derek Schofield. They were published in 2003 on his Veteran CD A Shropshire Lad.

A very young Kate Rusby and Kathryn Roberts sang The Recruited Collier in 1995 on their album Kate Rusby & Kathryn Roberts and on the compilation CD Evolving Tradition. Kate Rusby also sang The Collier Recruit in 1996 on John Tams et al’s album Over the Hills and Far Away: The Music of Sharpe. This video shows Rusby and Roberts at the Albert Hole, Bedminster, Bristol on 10 June 1994:

Barry Dransfield sang The Recruited Collier in 1996 on his Rhiannon CD Wings of the Sphinx.

Mick Ryan sang The Recruited Collier in 1999 on his and Pete Harris’ WildGoose album Hard Season. He noted:

A Geordie gem dealing with the feelings of the-girl-he-left-behind him when he got drunk and enlisted.

Alistair Russell sang The Recruited Collier on his 2002 album A19. He noted:

From the time of the Napoleonic Wars, this song comes from Cumbria. The last verse conveys a feeling common to all the best anti-war songs, using very definite personal images to make a far bigger point.

Bob Fox sang The Recruited Collier in 2006 on his Topic CD The Blast. He noted:

The original text from which this song was made can be found in the publication Ballads in the Cumberland Dialect by Robert Anderson where Jimmy is a ploughman taking wheat to Carlisle when he is enticed to enlist. The version I sing here I learned around the folk clubs of the North East of England and it appears in Sedley’s The Seeds of Love and is considered to be traditional.

Jon Boden sang The Recruited Collier as the 22 April 2011 entry of his project A Folk Song a Day. He noted in his blog:

There’s something very convincing about this song, regardless of how far Lloyd re-wrote it. The mix of industrial and rural imagery is very evocative and quite compelling. I know it from Anne Briggs.

Francy Devine sang The Recruited Collier on his 2014 album My Father Told Me. He noted:

I first discovered this song in A.L. Lloyd’s Come All Ye Bold Miners (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1978). Eugene McEldowney’s version is the one that moved me to attempt the song myself and faint echoes of his accent are here. The hum started as unconscious tribute to the late Jimmy Smyth of Ruan, Clare’s mighty hurler and fabulous singer, particularly of heroic GAA ballads. Jimmy was a good friend and regularly graced our house with his stories, songs and charm.

Andy Turner sang The Recruited Collier as the 15 November 2015 entry of his project A Folk Song a Week.

George Duff sang The Recruited Collier on his 2018 album The Collier Laddie.

Lyrics

Anne Briggs sings The Recruited Collier

O what’s the matter with you, my lass, and where’s your dashing Jimmy?
The soldier boys have picked him up and sent him far, far from me.
Last pay day he went off to town and them red-coated fellows
Enticed him in and made him drunk—and he’d be better gone to the gallows.

The very sight of his cockade, it sets us all a-crying,
And me! I nearly fainted twice, I thought that I was dying.
My father would have paid the smart and he’d run for the golden guinea.
But the sergeant swore he’d kissed the book, so now they’ve got young Jimmy.

When Jimmy talks about the wars it’s worse than death to hear him.
I must go out and hide my tears because I cannot bear him.
A brigadeer or grenadier he says they’re sure to make him,
But aye, he gibes and cracks his jokes and begs me not forsake him.

As I walked o’er the stubble field below it runs the seam,
I thought o’ Jimmy hewing there but it was all a dream.
He hewed the very coals we burn and, when the fire I’s leeting.
To think the lumps was in his hands, it sets my heart a-beating.

[ For three long years he’s followed me, now I must live without him.
There’s nothing now that I can do but weep and think about him. ] ²
So break my heart and then it’s o’er, so break my heart, my dearie.
For I’ll lie in the cold green ground for of single life I’m weary.

Graham Pirt sings The Recruited Collier

O what’s the matter with you, my love, and where’s your darling Jimmy?
The soldier boys have taken him and sent him far from me.
Last pay day he set off to town and them red-coated fellows
Enticed him in and made him drunk—and he’d be better gone to the gallows.

The very sight of his cockade, it sets me heart a sighing,
And me, I nearly fainted twice, I thought that I was dying.
My father would have paid the sum out and he’d run for the golden guinea.
But the sergeant swore he’d kissed the book, and now they’ve got young Jimmy.

When Jimmy talks about the wars it’s worse than death to hear him.
I must go out and hide my tears because I cannot bear him.
A brigadeer or grenadier he says they’re sure to make him,
And aye, he gibes and cracks his jokes and begs me not forsake him.

As I walked o’er the stubble field below which runs the seam,
I thought o’ Jimmy hewing there but it was all a dream.
He hewed the very coals we burn and, when the fire I’m lighting.
To think the lumps was in his hands, it sets my heart a-greeting.

For three long years he’s followed me, now I must live without him.
There’s nothing now that I can do but weep and think about him.
So break my heart and then it’s o’er, so break my heart, my dearie.
And I’ll lie in the cold grey ground for of single life I’m weary.

Louis Killen sings The Recruited Collier

O what’s the matter with you, m’lass, and where’s your dashing Jimmy?
The soldier lads have ta’en him up and he’s gone far, far from me.
Last pay day he went into town and them red-coated fellows
Enticed him in and made him drunk—he’d have better gone to the gallows.

The very sight of his cockade, it sets us all a-crying,
And me! I nearly fainted twice, I thought that I was dying.
My father would have paid the smart and run for the golden guinea.
But the sergeant swore he’d kissed the book, so now they’ve got young Jimmy.

When Jimmy talks about the wars it’s worse than death to hear him.
I must go out and hide my tears because I cannot bear him.
But aye, he gibes and cracks his jokes, and bids me not forsake him;
A brigadeer, or a grenadier, he says they’re sure to make him.

As I walked o’er the stubble fields below it runs the seam,
I thought o’ Jimmy hewing there but it was all a dream.
He hewed the very coals we burn and, as the fire I’m lighting.
To think the lumps was in his hands, it sets my heart a-beating.

[ For three long years he’s followed me, now I must live without him.
There’s nothing now that I can do but weep and think about him. ]
So break my heart and then it’s o’er, so break my heart, my dearie.
And I’ll lie in the cold cold grave for of single life I’m weary.

Fred Jordan sings The Recruited Collier

O what‘s the matter with you my lass and where‘s your dashing Jimmy?
O, the soldier boys have caught him up and took him far, far from me
Last payday he went round the town with them red-coated fellows
They took him in and they got him drunk and he‘d better gone to the gallows.

For the very sight of his cockade it sets us all a-sighing
And me I nearly fainted twice I thought that I was dying
My father he would have paid the smart and he ran with the golden guinea
But the sergeant swore he‘d kissed the book and he took away my Jimmy.

To hear Jimmy talk about the wars it‘s worse than death to hear him
And I must go and hide my face for I cannot bear to hear him
For a brigadier or grenadier he swears they‘re sure to make him
And, oh, he gibes and cracks his jokes and bids me not forsake him.

As I walked o’er the stubble fields beneath it runs the seam
I thought of Jimmy hewing there but it was all a dream
For he hewed the very coals we burn and when the fire I‘m leeting
To think the lumps was in his hands it makes my heart go beating

So break my heart and when it‘s o’er so break my heart my dearie
For I must lie in the cold green ground for of single life I‘m weary

Notes and Acknowledgements

¹ Roy Palmer’s explanation (originally from A. L. Lloyd and Industrial Song, in Ian Russell, ed., Singer, Song and Scholar, Sheffield Academic Press, 1986, pp.135-7) was quoted by Malcolm Douglas in the Mudcat Café. This thread also cites Robert Anderson’s original poem Jenny’s Complaint.

² Anne Briggs and Louis Killen omitted the first half of the last verse. I’ve added it from the Digital Tradition to have the full lyrics.

Thanks to Graham Pirt for correcting an embarrassing error and for sending me his version of this song.