> Martin Carthy > Songs > Famous Flower of Serving Men
> June Tabor > Songs > The Border Widow’s Lament

The Famous Flower of Serving Men / The Lament of the Border Widow

[ Roud 199 ; Master title: The Famous Flower of Serving Men ; Child 106 ; G/D 1:163 ; Ballad Index C106 ; VWML GG/1/21/1322 ; Bodleian Roud 199 ; trad.]

Norman Buchan and Peter Hall: The Scottish Folksinger James Kinsley: The Oxford Book of Ballads Ewan MacColl, Peggy Seeger: Travellers’ Songs From England and Scotland Roy Palmer: A Book of British Ballads Frank Purslow: The Constant Lovers Walter Scott: Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border Alexander Keith: Last Leaves of Traditional Ballads and Ballad Airs

Roy Palmer noted in his A Book of British Ballads (1986):

Unusually, it is possible to give a precise date and authorship to this ballad. It was written by the prolific balladeer, Laurence Price, and published in July 1656, under the title of The famous Flower of Serving-Men. Or, The Lady turn’d Serving-Man. It lasted in the mouths of ordinary people for three hundred years: what a tribute to the work of any writer, leave alone the obscure Laurence Price. Oral tradition, however, has made changes. The original has twenty-eight verses and a fairy-tale ending: “And then for fear of further strife, / he took Sweet William to be his Wife: / The like before was never seen, / A Serving-man to be a Queen”.

Bob Davenport sang The Border Widow’s Lament in 1964 on the album Northumbrian Minstrelsy.

Queen Caroline Hughes sang My Father He Built Me a Shady Bower to Peter Kennedy in her caravan near Blandford, Dorset on 19 April 1968. This recording was included in 2000 on the Rounder anthology CD, Classic Ballads of Britain and Ireland Volume 1, and in 2012 on the Topic anthology I’m a Romany Rai (The Voice of the People Volume 22).

The Clutha sang The Border Widow’s Lament in 1971 on their Argo album Scotia!. Don Martin commented in the liner notes:

Sir Walter Scott included this song in his Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border. It would appear to be a fragment of the longer ballad The Famous Flower of Serving-Men, but nevertheless stands very well on its own as a complete song. The tune used here is more usually associated with The Highland Widow’s Lament.

Martin Carthy sang Famous Flower of Serving Men on his 1972 album Shearwater. This track was also included on his 4 CD anthology The Carthy Chronicles and on a lot of generic folk compilations. A slightly different live version of this song is on the BBC recording The Kershaw Sessions. Martin Carthy recorded it again in 2004 for his album Waiting for Angels with verses very similar to the BBC recording. and sang it live at Ruskin Mill in December 2004 and live in studio in July 2006 for the DVD Guitar Maestros.

Martin Carthy noted on the original album:

There is a whole group of songs and stories in which the heroine, seeking to hide some shame, takes on a disguise. In Fairy stories, this has come out in, among others, the German tale Catskin, and the English Cap O’Rushes (more properly Cap O’Ashes?). In song, one of the forms it has taken is the one known on broadsides as The Lady Turned Serving Man, and [known] in drastically curtailed form to Bishop Percy, Sir Walter Scott and Johnson as The Famous Flower of Serving Men or The Lament of the Border Widow. Having first read The Famous Flower and been fired with enthusiasm, I was sobered by reading the rather pedestrian text of the broadside, which immediately followed, and gave the story an ending, because it simply did not match—either in intensity or elegance—the considerably older, shortened version, and decided to try and tell it in my own way. The tune came from Hedy West, who sings it to an American song called The Maid of Colchester.

and Maggie Holland and John Tobler noted in the Mooncrest reissue of Shearwater:

By common consent, the finest piece on the album is Famous Flower of Serving Men. The plot (brace yourself!): a mother sends violent thugs to her daughter’s house to kill her husband and baby. The young woman digs their graves, buries them, dries her tears, cuts off her hair and dresses herself as a man. She goes to work at the King’s court, where the King falls in love with her although he thinks she is a man, so he makes her his chamberlain. The King goes hunting one day and is led deep into the forest, to the site of the graves, by a magical white hind. He is visited by a white dove who is the spirit of the murdered husband and tells him the whole story, whereupon the King rides home, swearing vengeance on the mother, and sweeps the Famous Flower of Serving Men into his arms, and has the mother taken prisoner and burned at the stake. No mention of happy ever afters. The song is utterly compelling, with its complex but hypnotic rhythm and the vivid images it inspires: “They left me naught to dig his grave but the bloody sword that slew my babe”—it could easily be the substance of a full length opera, a film, a classical ballet, and Shakespeare could have made a major play out of it. Carthy manages to convey all this immense drama and emotion in under ten minutes. A. L. “Bert” Lloyd (one of the doyens of English folk music) apparently once said something about this: one shouldn’t be surprised at such a song being so many verses long, but that it should be so many verses short.

Martin Carthy also wrote in the sleeve notes of Waiting for Angels:

[...] The last song is The Famous Flower of Serving Men—which is very close to my heart. I first recorded it on a now unavailable album called Shearwater and felt that it was time to have another shot at it. Over time these big songs have a habit of revealing more of themselves to you and over the space of thirty years or more this is no exception. The Famous Flower is another name for the May flower which is a symbol of ill luck and mischief. This song is about terminal bullying, child killing, abject humiliation and shame, redemption and terrible revenge. And all in the name of justice. There’s a fury in those first five verses which sends the same shiver through me as when I first read them in 1970. The parson who sent them to Sir Walter Scott never sent the rest (!) so I glued some bits together and made up chunks to tell a story which is clear and terrifying. How people do things like this to each other and survive such episodes is beyond me but they do, don’t they?

This video shows Martin Carthy at The Albert Hole in Bristol on 28 February 1996:

The High Level Ranters sang The Border Widow’s Lament in 1973 on their Trailer album A Mile to Ride.

Linda Adams sang The Lament of the Border Widow in 1975 on her and Paul Adams’ album Far Over the Fell and in 1998 on the Fellside anthology of songs of the border reivers, Fyre & Sworde. Paul Adams noted:

It is no coincidence that the Reivers gave the word bereave to the English language. The personal strength of the woman in the midst of crisis makes this a very moving song. There are many theories surrounding the historical context of this song. Scott maintained that it concerned “the execution of Cockburn of Henderland, a Border freebooter, hanged over the gate of his own Tower by James V in the course of the memorable expedition of 1529 which was fatal to Johnnie Armstrong, Adam Scott of Tushielaw and many other marauders.” Sadly William Cockburn was not hanged “over the gate” but was tried and beheaded in Edinburgh. However, we’ll allow Marjorie Cockburn her grief and supreme nobility in this hauntingly beautiful ballad. Linda originally learnt it from the singing of Gordeanna McCulloch over twenty-five years ago and it has remained in her repertoire ever since. A version was collected in Oklahoma, USA, published in Ballads and Folk Songs of the South West which appeared on an LP complete with remarkably similar melody. In the note to the songs it says “an Oklahoma frontier wife and a Scots Border widow are, in many ways, sisters of circumstance.”

Mary Delaney sang My Brother Built for Me a Bancy Bower to Jim Carroll and Pat Mackenzie in Co. Tipperary in between 1973 and 1985. This track was included in 2003 on the Musical Traditions anthology of their recordings of Irish Travellers in England, From Puck to Appleby. Jim and Pat noted:

In 1776, Bishop Percy of Dromore obtained a text of The Famous Flower of Serving Men from the Dean of Derry, whose mother remembered having seen it on a broadside. It does not seem to have turned up in Ireland since, apart from this confused fragment which Mary got from her father. However, Frank Purslow, in his note to the version included in the Hammond and Gardiner collection, found in Hampshire in 1908, writes of the song and its singer, Albert Doe [VWML GG/1/21/1322] :

Apparently a good singer with a very fine repertoire, some, if not all, of Irish origin. The tune of this, in any case, betrays its country of origin, as it is a variant, a good one, of a tune very much associated with texts of Irish origin, such as The Croppy Boy, The Isle of France, Sweet William, The Wild and Wicked Youth and several others.

The earliest known text was on a broadside in the mid-17th century, which was said to have been written by one Laurence Price, but Child suggests that he had based this on an earlier popular romance. It has been found among English Travellers, one of the most complete versions being from Dorset gypsy, Caroline Hughes, in the 1960s.

Ref: The Constant Lovers, Frank Purslow, EFDSS Publications Ltd,1972; Travellers’ Songs From England and Scotland, Ewan MacColl and Peggy Seeger (eds), R.K.P, 1977.

Jasper Smith sang The Small Birds Whistle to Mike Yates near Epsom, Surrey on 26 April 1975. This recording was released in 1977 on the Topic anthology of Gypsy singers, The Travelling Songster, and in 1998 on the Topic anthology My Father’s the King of the Gypsies (The Voice of the People Volume 11).

Chris Foster sang The Flower of Serving Men in 1977 on his Topic album Layers and in 2003 on his Tradition Bearers CD Traces.

Carolyn Robson sang The Border Widow’s Lament on her 1999 album All the Fine Young Men. She noted:

I sing this to one of my favourite tunes, Stowey, which is also the hymn When a Knight Won His Spurs. So from one knight to the next.

Moira Craig sang The Border Widow’s Lament on her 2000 album On ae Bonny Day. She noted:

I know this from The Scottish Folk Singer by Norman Buchan and Peter Hall where it was sourced from the Scottish Minstrel edited by R.A. Smith. He stated in 1824 that the lament was for Cockburn of Henderland whose grave was still visible.

Ellen Mitchell sang Border Widow’s Lament on her and her partner Ken Mitchell’s 2001 Musical Traditions CD Have a Drop Mair. The album’s booklet commented:

Ellen: I learned this ballad from Gordeanna McCulloch, of Glasgow, and she doesn’t seem to sing it very often any more, which is a great pity. She is the only person I have ever heard singing it.

A very old ballad; among Roud’s 72 instances F.J. Child quotes a collection from a Mrs Barnard in Ireland in 1776, but it is obviously older than that. It was printed as a broadside all over these islands (including by both Anderson and Colquhoun of Edinburgh) and has been collected widely here and in the USA and Canada. It was printed in Scott’s Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (1806) and The Pocket Songster or Caledonian Warbler (1823), so it’s not surprising that most British examples have come from Scotland, where the present title seems the most common; elsewhere it is more often known as The Famous Flower of Serving Men.

June Tabor sang The Border Widow’s Lament in 2003 on her Topic album of Border ballads, An Echo of Hooves.

Isla St Clair sang The Border Widow’s Lament in 2004 on her CD Looking Forward to the Past.

The Demon Barbers learned The Famous Flower of Serving Men from the singing of Martin Carthy and recorded it in 2005 for their CD Waxed.

Tim Radford sang The Flower of Serving Men in 2005 on the Hampshire half of the Forest Tracks album Folk Songs From Hampshire and Dorset. Paul March noted:

Albert Doe, Bartley, December 1908 [VWML GG/1/21/1322] .

Purslow refers to Albert Doe as: “Apparently a good singer with a very fine repertoire, some if not all, of Irish origin.” Purslow notes: “The tune of this version betrays its country of origin, as it is a variant—a good one—of a tune much associated with texts of Irish origin, such as The Croppy Boy, Sweet William and The Wild and Wicked Youth and several others. Nevertheless, this appears to be the only version of the ballad noted in England in the 20th century. The earliest known text is the mid-17th century ballad-sheet one entitled The Famous Flower of Serving Men, composed by Laurence Price. The ballad Is believed to be much older and descended from the mainstream of traditional balladry.”

Pete Castle sang Female Servingman on his 2006 CD Poor Old Horse. He noted:

Collected by Gardiner in Hampshire, and published in The Constant Lovers but it’s of Irish origin as the mention of the ‘shamrock flower’ illustrates. I changed the name from the Flower of Servingmen to avoid confusion with Martin Carthy’s Famous Flower of Serving Men which is, in fact, a whole different ballad.

Andy Turner sang The Small Birds Whistle as the 31 October 2014 entry of his project A Folk Song a Week.

Kirsty Law sang the Lament of the Border Widow on her 2014 album Shift. She noted:

The version of this haunting song is from Sir Walter Scott’s Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, sung to a version of a tune learned from singer and song writer Sandra Kerr.

Kirsty Law also sang the The Lament of the Border Widow on the 2019 album Scott’s Sangs that revisited the ballads of Walter Scott’s Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border. Emily Lyle noted:

Scott called this ballad a fragment and indeed, it is part of the longer ballad The Famous Flower of Serving Men (Child 106). It was obtained by James Flogg, “from recitation in the Forest of Ettrick”, and Scott relates the story to the execution of a border freebooter, or outlaw, Co[c]kburne of Henderland, who was “hanged over the gate of his own tower, by [King] James V” in 1529.

Kirsty Law learned the tune from English folk singer and songwriter Sandra Kerr, slowed it down and dropped the metre. The text used is Scott’s as published in 1803.

Ye Vagabonds sang Border Widow’s Lament on their 2015 EP Rose & Briar.

False Lights sang Serving Man Become a Queen on their 2018 CD Harmonograph. They noted:

This set of words appears in Frank Purslow’s book The Constant Lovers, from the Gardiner collection. Jim [Moray] learned them from Chris Foster, and set them to a couple of different tunes—the first newly written and the second borrowed from The New York Trader.

You Are Wolf sang The Weeper, together with Lisa Knapp, on their 2018 album Keld. They noted:

The Caoineag was a banshee spirit attached to Scottish Highland clans; she could be heard wailing at the bottom of waterfalls before death or catastrophe.

Lisa [Knapp] sings an adapted version of The Border Widow’s Lament, its text [is] from A Choice Collection of Several Scots Miscellanie Poems and Songs. I use the tune from The Highland Widow’s Lament [Roud V13721]—a song I know best from the opening of the 1973 film The Wicker Man. Both songs are about the Glencoe Massacre of 1692.

Includes a treated recording of a waterfall on Fair Isle made by Grace Parnaby, aged 7.

The Askew Sisters sang My Father Built Me a Pretty Tower on their 2018 album Enclosure. They noted:

This song was collected from the singing of William Ross of Ross-shire [VWML VWMLSongIndex/SN24121] by James Madison Carpenter, an American academic who travelled the UK collecting songs between 1928-1935. It’s more commonly known by its Child Ballad title of The Famous Flower of Serving Men, but when Hazel discovered it under this different title, it led her to look at it with fresh eyes, highlighting some of the issues around gender and the ownership of women. “Swaddlin’ bands” is probably a misremembered lyric (likely a corruption of the stays used to lace up the woman’s waist at the end of other versions), but we’ve decided to leave it in, as it is such a striking image of confinement. This, together with the tower that stands tall in the first verse, creates two mighty pillars of captivity which bookend the song.

This video shows the Askew Sisters at the Witham, Barnard Castle, on 5 April 2019:

Georgia Shackleton learned Small Birds Whistle from the singing of Jasper Smith, and sang it on her 2023 album Harry’s Seagull. She noted:

Dating back to the seventeenth century, one of the many traditional songs conveying the tragedy of a woman unfortunate enough to have a child out of wedlock. This is learned from the singing of Hasper Smith, from The Travelling Songster. There are many verses and variations to this song, but I was truly shaken by Jasper’s short rendition.

Hannah Sanders and Ben Savage sang Border Widow’s Lament on their 2024 album In the Dark We Grow.

Lyrics

Martin Carthy sings Famous Flower of Serving Men on Shearwater

My mother did me deadly spite
For she sent thieves in the dark of night
Put my servants all to flight
They robbed my bower they slew my knight

They couldn’t do to me no harm
So they slew my baby in my arm
Left me naught to wrap him in
But the bloody sheet that he lay in

They left me naught to dig his grave
But the bloody sword that slew my babe
All alone the grave I made
And all alone the tears I shed

And all alone the bell I rang
And all alone the psalm I sang
I leaned my head all against a block
And there I cut my lovely locks

I cut my locks and I changed my name
From Fair Eleanor to Sweet William
Went to court to serve my king
As the famous flower of serving men

So well I served my lord, the king
That he made me his chamberlain
He loved me as his son
The famous flower of serving men

Oh oft time he’d look at me and smile
So swift his heart I did beguile
And he blessed the day that I became
The famous flower of serving men

But all alone in my bed at e’en
Oh there I dreamed a dreadful dream
I saw my bed swim with blood
And I saw the thieves all around my head

Our king has to the hunting gone
He’s ta’en no lords nor gentlemen
He’s left me there to guard his home
The famous flower of serving men

Our king he rode the wood all around
He stayed all day but nothing found
And as he rode himself alone
It’s there he saw the milk white hind

Oh the hind she broke, the hind she flew
The hind she trampled the brambles through
First she’d mount, then she’d sound
Sometimes before, sometimes behind

Oh what is this, how can it be?
Such a hind as this I ne’er did see
Such a hind as this was never born
I fear she’ll do me deadly harm

And long, long did the great horse turn
For to save his lord from branch and thorn
And but long e’er the day was o’er
It tangled all in his yellow hair

All in the glade the hind drew nigh
And the sun grew bright all in their eye
And he sprang down, sword drew
She vanished there all from his view

And all around the grass was green
And all around where a grave was seen
And he sat himself all on the stone
Great weariness it seized him on

Great silence hung from tree to sky
The woods grew still, the sun on fire
As through the woods the dove he came
As through the wood he made his moan

Oh, the dove, he sat down on a stone
So sweet he looked, so soft he sang
“Alas the day my love became
The famous flower of serving men”

The bloody tears they fell as rain
As still he sat and still he sang
“Alas the day my love became
The famous flower of serving men”

Our king cried out, and he wept full sore
So loud unto the dove he did call
“Oh pretty bird, come sing it plain”

“Oh it was her mother’s deadly spite
For she sent thieves in the dark of the night
They come to rob, they come to slay
They made their sport, they went their way

“And don’t you think that her heart was sore
As she laid the mould on his yellow hair
And don’t you think her heart was woe
As she turned her back away to go

“And how she wept as she changed her name
From Fair Eleanor to Sweet William
Went to court to serve her king
As the famous flower of serving men”

Oh the bloody tears they lay all around
He’s mounted up and away he’s gone
And one thought come to his mind
The thought of her that was a man

And as he rode himself alone
A dreadful oath he there has sworn
And that he would hunt her mother down
As he would hunt the wildwood swine

For there’s four and twenty ladies all
And they’re all playing at the ball
But fairer than all of them
Is the famous flower of serving men

Oh he’s rode him into his hall
And he’s rode in among them all
He’s lifted her to his saddle brim
And there he’s kissed her cheek and chin

His nobles stood and they stretched their eyes
The ladies took to their fans and smiled
For such a strange homecoming
No gentleman had ever seen

And he has sent his nobles all
Unto her mother they have gone
They’ve ta’en her that’s did such wrong
They’ve laid her down in prison strong

And he’s brought men up from the corn
And he’s sent men down to the thorn
All for to build the bonfire high
All for to set her mother by

All bonny sang the morning thrush
All where he sat in yonder bush
But louder did her mother cry
In the bonfire where she burned close by

For there she stood all among the thorn
And there she sang her deadly song
“Alas the day that she became
The famous flower of serving men”

For the fire took first all on her cheek
And then it took all on her chin
It spat and rang in her yellow hair
And soon there was no life left in

Martin Carthy sings Famous Flower of Serving Men on The Kershaw Sessions

My mother did me deadly spite
For she sent thieves in the dark of night
Put my servants all to flight
They robbed my bower, they slew my knight

They couldn’t do to me no harm
So they slew my baby in my arm
Left me naught to wrap him in
But the bloody sheet that he lay in

They left me naught to dig his grave
But the bloody sword that slew my babe
All alone the grave I made
And all alone the tears I shed

And all alone the bell I rang
And all alone the psalm I sang
I leaned my head all against a block
And there I cut my lovely locks

I cut my locks and I changed my name
From Fair Eleanor to Sweet William
I went to court to serve my king
As the famous flower of serving men

So well I served my lord, the king
That he made me his chamberlain
He loved me as his son
The famous flower of serving men

And oft time he’d look at me and smile
So swift his heart I did beguile
And he blessed the day that I became
The famous flower of serving men

Oh but all alone in my bed at e’en
There I dreamed a dreadful dream
I saw my bed swim with blood
I saw the thieves all around my head

Our king has to the hunting gone
He’s ta’en no lords nor gentlemen
He’s left me there to guard his home
The famous flower of serving men

Our king he rode the wood all around
He stayed all day but nothing found
And as he rode himself alone
It’s there he spied the milk white hind

Oh the hind she broke, the hind she flew
The hind she trampled the bramble through
First she’d melt and then she’d sound
Sometimes before, sometimes behind

Oh what is this, how can it be?
Such a hind as this I ne’er did see
Such a hind as this was never born
I fear she’ll do me deadly harm

And long, long did the great horse turn
For to save his lord from branch and thorn
But long e’er the day was o’er
They tangled all in his yellow hair

And all in the glade the king drew nigh
Where the hind stood bright all in his eye
And he sprang down, sword [he] drew
She vanished there all from his view

And all around the grass was green
All around where a grave was seen
He sat himself down on the stone
Great weariness it seized him on

Great silence hung from tree to sky
The woods grew still, the sun on fire
As through the wood the dove he came
As through the woods he made his moan

Oh the dove, he sat down on a stone
So sweet he looked, so soft he sang,
“Alas the day my love became
The famous flower of serving men.”

Oh the bloody tears they fell as rain
As still he sat and still he sang,
“Alas the day my love became
The famous flower of serving men.”

Our king cried out, and he wept full sore
So loud unto the dove he did call
“O pretty bird, come sing it plain.”

“Oh it was her mother’s deadly spite
For she sent thieves in the dark of the night
They come to rob, they come to slay
They made their sport, they went their way

“And don’t you think that her heart was sore
As she laid the mould on his yellow hair
And don’t you think her heart was woe
As she turned about, all away to go

“And how she wept as she changed her name
From Fair Eleanor to Sweet William,
Went to court to serve her king
As the famous flower of serving men.”

Oh the bloody tears they lay all around
He’s mounted up and away he’s gone
One thought come to his mind
The thought of her that was a man

And as he’s rode himself alone
A dreadful oath he there has sworn
That he would hunt her mother down
Like he would hunt the wildwood swine

There’s four and twenty ladies all
And they’re all playing at the ball
Fairer than all of them
Is the famous flower of serving men

Our king rode him into his hall
And he’s rode in among them all
Lifted her to his saddle brim
He’s kissed her there both cheek and chin

Oh, the lords all stood and they stretched their eyes
The ladies took to their fans and smiled
For a stranger homecoming
No gentleman had ever seen

And he has sent his nobles all
Unto her mother they have gone
Ta’en her that did such wrong
They’ve laid her down in a prison strong

And he’s brought men up from the corn
And he’s sent men down to the thorn
All for to build the bonfire high
All for to set her mother by

O bonnie sang the morning thrush
All where he sat in yonder bush
But louder did her mother cry
In the bonfire where she burned close by

Oh, for there she stood all among the thorn
And there she sang her deadly song,
“Alas the day that she became
The famous flower of serving men.”

For the fire took first all on her cheek
And then it took all on her chin
Spat and it rang in her yellow hair
As there she burnt like hokey green

Mary Delaney sings My Brother Built Me a Bancy Bower

My brother built me for a bancy bower,
It was decked all over with pinks and flowers,
It was decked all over with the laurel green,
And such a bower that was never seen.

When Sweet William, he got the house alone,
He pulled out his bagpipes and played one tune,
Oh he changed his name oh, by note to note,
From Sweet William into Fair Ellen.

Now he went down to the looking glass,
And there he cut off his yellow locks,
When he changed his name into Fair Ellen.

They could not do him any greater harm
Than to kill the baby lie in his arms,
For to kill the baby lie in his arms,
And to change his name into Fair Ellen.

Linda Adams sings The Lament of the Border Widow

My love built me a bonnie bower
And clad it all with lily flower
A brawer bower I ne’er did see
Than my true love he built for me

There came a man by middle day
He spied his sport and went away
He brought the King at that very night
Who broke my bower and slew my knight

He slew the knight tae me sae dear
He slew my knight and poin’ed his gear
My servants all for life did flee
And left me in extremity

I sewed his sheets, making my moan
I watched his corpse, myself alone
I watched his body, night and day
Nae living creature came that way

I took his body on my back
And times I gaed and times I sat
I digged a grave and I laid him in
And happ’d him with the sod sae green

And think you not my heart was sore
As I laid the mold on his yellow hair
And think you not my heart was woe
As I turned about, away to go

Nae living man I’ll love again
Since that my lovely knight is slain
With a lock of his yellow hair
I’ll chain my heart for evermair

Ellen Mitchell sings Border Widow’s Lament

My love built me a bonny bower,
And clad it aa with a lily flower
A brawer bower you ne’er did see
Than my true love he built for me

There cam a knight by middle o’ day
He spied his sport and he went away
He brought the king at dead o’ night
Oh I brak my bower and slew ma knight

He slew ma knight so dear to me
He slew ma knight and he poined his gear [pawned]
Ma servants a’ for their lives did flee
And left me in extremity.

I saw his sheet makin ma main
I watched the corpse mysel alane
I watched his body baith night and day
And nae living creature came that way.

I took his body on my back
And whiles I gaed and whiles I sat
I digged his grave and laid him in
And happed him wi the sod so green.

But think na ye ma hairt was sair
When I threw the mold on his yellow hair
Think na ye ma hairt was wae
When I turned aroond awa to gae.

Nae livin man I’ll loo again
Noo that ma lovely knight is slain
And wi a lock o’ his yellow hair
I’ve chained ma hairt forever mair.

The Askew Sisters sing My Father Built Me a Pretty Tower

My father built me a pretty bower
With primroses in every bower,
And all around it was evergreens,
And such a building was never seen.

My father married me to a wealthy knight;
My mother thought it a dreadful spite:
She sent three robbers all in one night
To rob my bower and slay my knight.

And when she could do me no other harm
She slew the babe that lay in my arm,
And left me nothing to wrap it in
But the bloody sheets that my love lay in.

Now that my truelove is dead and slain,
It’s here ho longer I can remain;
The servants all ran away from me
And left me here in extremity.

I put my head down upon a block,
And I cut off my yellow locks;
I cut my locks and I changed my name
From Ellen Fair to Sweet William.

So I dressed myself in my love’s array,
And it’s like a bonny boy I rode away;
My satin jacket and boots so black
And a gay gold chain hanging round my neck.

I rode up to the King’s hall door;
It was for service I did implore.
I gave the porter the gay gold ring
For to bring my errand before the king.

And when the king he did come round
I slowly kneeled unto the ground;
Said he, “My bonny boy, what could you do
If I would engage you for a year or two?”

“Sir, I might be your kitchen cook,
Sir, I might be your stable boy,
I might be a waiter in your bright hall
For to wait on the nobles when they do call.”

“You shall not be my kitchen cook,
You shall not be my stable boy,
You’ll be a waiter in my bright hall
For to wait on the nobles when they do call.”

One day the king out a-hunting went,
He left no one at home but her and a gay old man;
And oh she sang, and aye she sighed,
The tears came rolling down from her eyes.

“My father he is a walthy knight,
My mother she is a lady bright,
And I myself was a gay lady
Till death did bring me to misery.”

And when the king he did come home,
“What news, what news, my gay old man?”
“No news, no news, Sir, no news,” said he,
“But your waiter boy is a gay lady.”

“If that is true that you tell to me,
I’ll buy you lands and I’ll set you free,
But if that’s not true that you tell to me,
It’s high I’ll hang you on an apple tree.

“Go bring to me the robes of silk;
I’ll dress this lady as white as milk,
I’ll roll her up in swaddlin’ bands
And I’ll make her lady of all my lands.”
He rolled his true love in swaddlin’ bands
And he made her lady of all his lands.

Hannah Sanders and Ben Savage sing Border Widow’s Lament

My love built me a bonny bower
And clad it all in lily flower.
A finer bower you ne’er did see
Than my love built for me.

There came a man by middle day,
He spied his sport and he went away.
He brought the King that very night,
Who broke my bower and slew my knight.

He slew the man to me so dear,
He slew my knight and sold his gear.
My servants for their lives did flee
And left me in extremity.

I sewed the sheets, I made my moan,
I washed his corpse, myself alone.
I watched his body night and day,
No living creature came my way.

I carried him all on my back,
Sometimes I gained, sometimes I sat.
I dug a grave and I laid him in
And covered him in grass so green.

You know, you know, my heart was sore,
When in laid him in the soil.
You know, you know, my heart was woe,
As I turned about to go.

No living man I’ll love again
Since my lovely knight is slain.
With a lock of his yellow hair
I’ll seal my heart forevermore.

Notes

Notes by Greer Gilman

There is a live performance by Martin Carthy of this song on The Kershaw Sessions, with slight variations in the lyrics and a new last line, which he now sings:

For the fire took first all on her cheek
And then it took all on her chin
It spat and it rang in her yellow hair
As there she burnt like hokey green

“Hokey green,” says Martin Carthy, is hawthorn, “the flower of mischief and magic”. In folklore, the whitethorn is an unchancy flower, the token of unwedded love, green gowns and May games; it is death to bring it in the house. Among its many names are: Whitethorn, Quickthorn, Hag Tree, and Scrog. Its leaves are Bread-and-Cheese; its fruits are Cat-Haws, Heg-Pegs, Arzy-garzies; and its blossom is called May (for its month of blooming) and—most aptly—Mother-Die.

There are good entries on hawthorn in:

A philological note: In none of these, however, is it called “hokey green”; nor in Joseph Wright’s great English Dialect Dictionary, though “by hokey!” is a petty oath. I’d love to know where that name came from.

A note from Jane Barrett

“Hokey Green” is in the glossary of the Child Ballads, and is there spelled “hoky-gren”, and is in the last four lines of the Scottish version “A” of Ballad #68, called Young Hunting. (These lines are almost the same as those used in the Kershaw version of Famous Flower of Serving Men):

And they hay put that lady in;
O it took upon her cheek, her cheek,
An it took upon her chin,
An it took on her fair body,
She burnt like hoky-gren.

In that story, the fire refused to burn the innocent woman, but consumed the real murderer of Young Hunting!

In the Child Ballads glossary, the entry for “hoky-gren” cites Jamieson as saying a hoakie is “a fire that has been covered up with cinders, when all the fuel has become red.” He also adds possible suggestions, with question marks, which leads me to believe that Professor Child was also a bit bamboozled by this strange term!

Acknowledgements

Transcription of Famous Flower of Serving Men (with a couple of small corrections by Garry Gillard) and notes by Greer Gilman and Jane Barrett.